Psychology Themes And Variations Briefer International Edition 8th Edition By Wayne Weiten – Test Bank

COMPLETION

1.Extraversion, otherwise known as _____________________, is characterized by the following traits – outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly, assertive, and gregarious.

ANS: positive emotionality

REF: p. 379 OBJ: 11.2

2.The personality trait known as conscientiousness, which is characterized by diligence, discipline, organization, and punctuality is also referred to as ___________________.

ANS: constraint

REF: p. 379 OBJ: 11.2

3.Higher GPA both in high school and college are associated with high scores on this Big Five personality trait – ______________________.

ANS: conscientiousness

REF: p. 379 OBJ: 11.3

4.This Big Five personality trait is correlated with increased risk of divorce – ___________________.

ANS: neuroticism

REF: p. 379 OBJ: 11.3

5.The rise of this movement in psychology blunted criticism of behaviorism’s ignorance of cognitive processes as they relate to behavior – _______________________.

ANS: social cognitive theory

REF: p. 390 OBJ: 11.10

6.The concept of personality is used to explain the ____________________ in a person’s behavior over time and the ____________________ among people reacting to the same situation.

ANS: consistency; distinctiveness

REF: p. 378 OBJ: 11.1

7.In the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in ____________________ tend to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure, and vulnerable.

ANS: neuroticism

REF: p. 379 OBJ: 11.2 TOP: WWW

8.Janine has extremely strong moral standards. However, whenever she fails to live up to the high standards she sets for herself, she becomes overwhelmed by feelings of guilt. Freud would most likely suggest that Janine’s personality is dominated by her ____________________.

ANS: superego

REF: p. 381 OBJ: 11.4 TOP: WWW

9.Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt are termed ____________.

ANS: defense mechanisms

REF: p. 382 OBJ: 11.5

10.Inga keeps distressing thoughts and feelings buried, according to Sigmund Freud she is using ____________________ to ward off anxiety.

ANS: repression

REF: p. 383 OBJ: 11.5

11.The Oedipal complex occurs during Freud’s ____________________ stage of psychosexual development.

ANS: phallic

REF: p. 385 OBJ: 11.6 TOP: WWW

12.Carl Jung proposed the existence of the ____________________, a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from people’s ancestral past; while Alfred Adler emphasizes how people strive for ____________________ to compensate for their feelings of inferiority.

ANS: collective unconscious; superiority

REF: p. 386 OBJ: 11.7

13.____________________ viewed personality as a collection of response tendencies that are shaped by learning and tied to specific stimulus situations.

ANS: B.F. Skinner

REF: p. 389 OBJ: 11.9 TOP: WWW